Essay

Why Europeans Didn’t Die of New World Diseases

Why Old World pathogens devastated Indigenous Americans while New World diseases rarely reversed the catastrophe in Europe, Africa, and Asia.

Indexed essay January 31, 2026 By Devin Teichrow scienceinfectious diseaseHistoryepidemiologycolonial eraMedical History

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New World diseases Europeans

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By Devin Teichrow. Published January 31, 2026.

Overview

Why Old World pathogens devastated Indigenous Americans while New World diseases rarely reversed the catastrophe in Europe, Africa, and Asia.

I was recently asked why Europeans didn’t end up suffering as much at the hands of New World diseases compared to how the Native Americans were impacted by the likes of smallpox, measles, malaria, and yellow fever.

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